Impact of coronavirus on pregnant females in India: an observational study

Background: Coronavirus (COVID-19) has emerged as a rampant pandemic and the entire world is struggling against it. The entire nations are trying to device measure like national lockdowns, diverting resources towards fighting coronavirus, extensive media coverage, closing of elective services in hospitals. All this has influences the masses to a deep level. Coronavirus not only is morbid for the sick, but also the healthy pregnant females seeking health care and impacted them more mentally than physically.Methods: In this study 103 pregnant females from the entire nation of India were made to answer a well thought and made questionnaire which aimed at assessing the mental state and impact of coronavirus on the pregnant females.Results: Majority of the females answered that they felt anxious and were undergoing stress due to the coronavirus. They fear impending doom for the child and also are struggling a lot to seek apt healthcare for themselves and their children because of the ongoing pandemic.Conclusions: Coronavirus has not only affected people who are directly affected with the virus, but also who are still not affected but are mentally stressed because of it. National lockdown and alteration in the healthcare services are also stress- inducing for the pregnant females.

A rare case report on complete cervical agenesis with vaginal atresia and suspended didelphys uterus with hematometra and left haematosalpinx

Congenital uterine malformations are deviations from normal anatomy resulting due to defective fusion of Mullerian ducts or the paramesonephric ducts in the developing embryo. These anomalies may be isolated or in combination with urological abnormalities. The mean prevalence of female congenital malformations in general population is up to ⁓ 7%. Patients with these anomalies usually present during pubertal age due to absence of onset of menses, cyclical abdominal pain, or in reproductive age group as infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss depending upon the degree of malformation. Cervical agenesis is a rare Mullerian anomaly with an incidence of 1 in 80,000 females. It represents 3% of all uterine anomalies. It is rarely associated with a functioning uterus (4.8%). Cervical agenesis is often associated with vaginal atresia (less than 50%). It is important to classify these anomalies for easy diagnosis and plan appropriate preoperative treatment.

Study of sociodemographic factors of women undergoing caesarean section in tertiary care centre of rural area of central India

Background: Many studies have attempted to examine and evaluate the changes in population characteristics that may have contributed to the observed increase in CS rate. The aim of this study was to determine the caesarean section rate and demographic characteristics of women undergoing caesarean section in our rural tertiary health centre of central India.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology. The study instrument comprised a pre-structured data collection proforma which had various sections; social demographic characteristics, obstetric history and gestation details.Results: The overall caesarean section rate (CSR) was 36.88%. Maximum women (39.62%) who underwent Caesarean section were of age group 25-29 years. 58.05% from rural while 41.95% from urban area. CS was more in women of lower middle (22.80%) and upper lower (20.80%) class. Majority of women who had caesarean section were educated till higher school (31.87%) or were graduate (22.61%), 5.85% were illiterate. Majority of women (56.40%) were housewives. CSR was 70.83% in referred and 28.31% in booked. 52.86% women were nulliparous. Caesarean section was maximum (83%) in term, 16.92% preterm women and 0.08% post term women. 38.69% were referred from other health facilities. Maximum referrals 43.21% were from the district hospital.Conclusions: It was noted that the preference for caesarean section is more in women of 25-29 years, lower middle and upper middle class, rural women, educated upto high school and housewives at our centre. This hospital also serves as referral centre from surrounding health facilities increasing the caesarean section rate of the institute.

Holt-Oram syndrome: a rare case report.

Holt-Oram syndrome is an inherited disorder that causes abnormalities of the hands, arms and heart. The diagnosis can be established clinically. The diagnostic criteria have been validated with molecular testing. An upper-limb malformation involving the carpal bone(s) and, variably, the radial and/or thenar bones-An abnormal carpal bone, present in all affected individuals and identified by performing a posterior-anterior hand x-ray, may be the only evidence of disease. 24 years unbooked Hindu female G2P1+0 presented in OPD at term. Her USG examination showed-small deformed upper limbs with poorly appreciable upper limb skeleton. Induction of labour was done and patient delivered vaginally a female baby with deformed upper limbs. This case emphasizes the importance of proper history taking (family history), early diagnosis of such anomalies and proper counseling the parents.